Consider the following statements about Ashokan rock edicts : 1. Ma

Consider the following statements about Ashokan rock edicts :

  • 1. Major Rock Edict XIII records Ashoka’s remorse at the sufferings caused by his Kalinga campaign.
  • 2. Major Rock Edict X records Ashoka’s visit to Lumbini.
  • 3. Major Rock Edict XII refers to Dhamma Mahamattas as a new category of officers instituted by Ashoka.
  • 4. Major Rock Edict XII speaks about showing tolerance towards all sects.

Which of the statements given above are correct ?

1 and 4 only
2 and 3
3 and 4 only
1, 3 and 4
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2015
The correct answer is A) 1 and 4 only. Statements 1 and 4 correctly describe the content of Major Rock Edicts XIII and XII respectively, while statements 2 and 3 are incorrect about the content of the specified edicts.
– Major Rock Edict XIII is famously known for Ashoka’s description of the Kalinga War and his remorse over the suffering it caused, leading to his conversion to Dhamma.
– Major Rock Edict XII is primarily an appeal for religious tolerance, mutual respect among different sects, and the importance of controlling one’s speech when criticizing others’ faiths.
– Major Rock Edict X expresses Ashoka’s desire for true glory, which he defines as winning the respect of people through the practice of Dhamma, rather than worldly conquest. It does not record his visit to Lumbini.
– Major Rock Edict V describes the appointment of Dhamma Mahamattas (officers of Dhamma) for the first time to spread the message of Dhamma and work for the welfare of various groups.
Ashoka’s edicts, inscribed on rocks and pillars throughout his empire, are primary sources for understanding his reign, his conversion to Buddhism, and his efforts to propagate Dhamma. They provide valuable insights into his policies, administration, and moral philosophy. The Lumbini visit and associated tax reduction are recorded in the Rummindei Pillar Inscription.