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Consider the following fauna of India : 1. Gharial 2. Leatherback t

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Consider the following fauna of India :

1. Gharial
2. Leatherback turtle
3. Swamp deer

Which of the above is/are endangered?

1 and 2 only

3 only

1, 2 and 3

None

This question was previously asked in

UPSC IAS – 2013

Download PDF Attempt Online

All three fauna mentioned – Gharial, Leatherback turtle, and Swamp deer – are considered endangered or critically endangered in the context of India.

The Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN. The Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), while globally Vulnerable, has populations in the Indian Ocean region that are highly threatened, including the Southwest Indian Ocean subpopulation listed as Critically Endangered. The Swamp Deer (Rucervus duvaucelii) species is listed as Vulnerable, but the Sangai (Rucervus eldii), a subspecies of swamp deer found in Manipur, India, is listed as Endangered.

Conservation efforts are underway in India for all three species. The status ‘endangered’ often refers to the species level, but for questions pertaining to ‘fauna of India’, the status of specific populations or subspecies within India is relevant. Given the status of the Gharial, the critically endangered Leatherback population in the region, and the endangered Sangai subspecies of Swamp deer, all three can be considered endangered in the Indian context.

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