Composition of the biography of the Buddha occupies a special place in

Composition of the biography of the Buddha occupies a special place in Buddhist literature. Which one among the following is a full-fledged biography of the Buddha ?

Lalitavistara
Milind Panho
Sariputra-prakarana
Avadanasataka
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2014
The correct option is A, as Lalitavistara is considered a full-fledged biography of the Buddha.
– Lalitavistara (The Play in Full) is a key Mahayana Buddhist text that describes the life of Siddhartha Gautama from his descent from the Tushita heaven until his first sermon at Sarnath. It is primarily a biographical narrative.
– Milind Panho (Questions of Milinda) is a Theravada Buddhist text in the form of a dialogue between the Indo-Greek king Menander I (Pali: Milinda) and the Buddhist sage Nagasena. It discusses various philosophical and doctrinal questions, not the life of the Buddha.
– Sariputra-prakarana is a Sanskrit play by the famous Buddhist poet Ashvaghosha, describing the conversion of two chief disciples of the Buddha, Sariputra and Maudgalyayana. It is not a biography of the Buddha himself.
– Avadanasataka (Century of Glorious Deeds) is an early collection of 100 Buddhist narratives, primarily illustrating the doctrine of karma by recounting deeds from past lives that resulted in specific outcomes in the present. While some stories involve the Buddha, it is not a continuous or full biography.
Other notable biographies of the Buddha in Buddhist literature include the Buddhacharita by Ashvaghosha (Sanskrit) and the Pali Canon’s accounts spread across various texts like the Jataka tales (focused on previous lives) and major Nikayas, although none in the Pali Canon form a single, complete, continuous biography in the same way some later texts do.
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