The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Community participation in planning and development in Manipur is facilitated through District Planning Committees, Gram Panchayats, and Civil society organizations.
District Planning Committees (DPCs) are statutory bodies constituted at the district level to prepare and implement district development plans. DPCs are chaired by the Deputy Commissioner of the district and have representatives from various government departments, elected representatives, and civil society organizations.
Gram Panchayats are local self-government institutions at the village level. Gram Panchayats are responsible for planning and implementing development schemes at the village level. They are elected by the people of the village and are accountable to them.
Civil society organizations (CSOs) are non-governmental organizations that are involved in a variety of activities, including development, social welfare, and advocacy. CSOs play an important role in promoting community participation in planning and development.
All of these institutions play a vital role in promoting community participation in planning and development in Manipur. They provide a platform for the people to voice their concerns and participate in the decision-making process. They also help to ensure that development schemes are implemented in a transparent and accountable manner.