Colour vision in human eyes is the function of photoreceptor cells

Colour vision in human eyes is the function of photoreceptor cells named

Rods
Cones
Blind spot
Fovea
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2017
Colour vision in human eyes is the function of photoreceptor cells named Cones. The retina contains two main types of photoreceptor cells: rods and cones.
Rods are highly sensitive to light intensity and are responsible for vision in dim light conditions (scotopic vision). They are monochromatic, meaning they do not contribute to color perception. Cones are less sensitive to light but are responsible for detailed vision and color perception in bright light conditions (photopic vision). Humans typically have three types of cones, each sensitive to different ranges of wavelengths of light (corresponding roughly to red, green, and blue colors).
The blind spot is an area on the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye; it contains no photoreceptors and thus causes a blind spot in vision. The fovea is a small central pit in the retina, densely packed with cones, and is responsible for sharp, central vision and high-resolution color vision. While important for color vision, the fovea is a region containing photoreceptors, not the photoreceptor type itself.