The correct answer is A. Jharia.
Jharia is a town in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is located in the Dhanbad district, about 270 kilometers (170 mi) from the state capital, Ranchi. Jharia is one of the oldest coal mining towns in India. The first coal mine was opened in Jharia in 1820. The town is home to a number of coal mines, including the Jharia Coalfield, which is one of the largest coalfields in India.
The coal mines in Jharia are located in the Damodar Valley. The Damodar Valley is a region in eastern India that is known for its coal deposits. The coal mines in Jharia are important for the Indian economy. They provide employment for a large number of people and contribute to the country’s energy needs.
However, the coal mines in Jharia are also a major source of pollution. The mining activities have led to the degradation of the environment and the displacement of people. The coal mines in Jharia are also a major fire hazard. There have been a number of fires in the coal mines in Jharia, which have caused extensive damage and loss of life.
In recent years, there have been efforts to rehabilitate the coal mines in Jharia and to improve the safety of the mines. However, the challenges are significant. The coal mines in Jharia are a complex and challenging issue.