The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Climate change is already having a significant impact on cropping patterns in Assam. The state is experiencing more extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts, which are making it difficult to grow crops. In addition, rising temperatures are causing crop yields to decline. As a result, farmers are being forced to switch to different crops or to adopt new farming practices in order to adapt to the changing climate.
- Shifting suitable zones: Climate change is causing the suitable zones for growing certain crops to shift. For example, some crops that are currently grown in Assam may no longer be able to grow there in the future due to rising temperatures. This will force farmers to switch to different crops or to move to new areas where the climate is more suitable for their crops.
- Changing rainfall patterns: Climate change is also causing changes in rainfall patterns. In some areas, rainfall is becoming more erratic, with longer periods of drought followed by intense storms. This can make it difficult for farmers to plan their planting and harvesting schedules. In addition, extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts, can damage crops and infrastructure, making it difficult to grow food.
- Increasing temperature stress: Rising temperatures are also causing increased temperature stress on crops. This can lead to lower crop yields and even crop failure. In addition, high temperatures can make it difficult for farmers to work in the fields, which can further reduce crop yields.
The impacts of climate change on cropping patterns in Assam are likely to become more severe in the future. Farmers in the state will need to adapt to these changes in order to continue to grow food. This may involve switching to different crops, adopting new farming practices, or moving to new areas where the climate is more suitable for agriculture.