Climate change can affect livestock productivity in Tamil Nadu due to:

The correct answer is: All of the above.

Climate change can affect livestock productivity in Tamil Nadu due to:

• Heat stress: Heat stress can cause a number of problems for livestock, including reduced productivity, increased susceptibility to disease, and even death. In hot weather, livestock may need to be provided with shade, water, and cooling fans to help them stay comfortable.
• Disease outbreaks: Climate change can create conditions that are more favorable for the spread of disease. For example, warmer temperatures can increase the risk of tick-borne diseases, while changes in rainfall patterns can lead to flooding and waterlogging, which can increase the risk of bacterial diseases.
• Reduced fodder availability: Climate change can also affect the availability of fodder, which is the main source of food for livestock. Droughts and floods can damage crops, making it difficult to grow enough fodder to meet the needs of livestock. In addition, climate change can lead to changes in plant growth patterns, which can make it difficult to find the right types of fodder for livestock.

All of these factors can have a significant impact on livestock productivity in Tamil Nadu. It is important to take steps to mitigate the effects of climate change on livestock, such as providing shade, water, and cooling fans; managing grazing practices; and developing drought- and flood-resistant crops.