The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Circular migration is a type of migration in which people move temporarily for work and then return to their home country. It is common in border areas, construction sites, and plantation areas.
In border areas, circular migration is often driven by economic factors. People may move to a neighboring country for better job opportunities, and then return home when the work is finished. This type of migration can help to reduce poverty and inequality in both countries.
In construction sites, circular migration is often driven by the need for a large workforce. Construction projects can be very labor-intensive, and it may not be possible to find enough workers locally. As a result, construction companies often recruit workers from other countries. These workers may stay on the construction site for a few months or even years, and then return home when the project is finished.
In plantation areas, circular migration is often driven by the need for a large workforce. Plantations can be very labor-intensive, and it may not be possible to find enough workers locally. As a result, plantation companies often recruit workers from other countries. These workers may stay on the plantation for a few months or even years, and then return home when the harvest is finished.
Circular migration can have both positive and negative effects. On the positive side, it can help to reduce poverty and inequality, and it can also help to transfer skills and knowledge between countries. On the negative side, it can lead to social isolation and family separation, and it can also put a strain on the infrastructure of sending countries.