The correct answer is C. hydrolysis.
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound. It is a type of decomposition reaction, and it is the opposite of condensation. In hydrolysis, the water molecule breaks apart into its two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. These atoms then react with the atoms of the compound being broken down, causing it to break apart into smaller molecules.
Hydrolysis can be used to break down a variety of compounds, including organic compounds, inorganic compounds, and salts. It is a common reaction in nature, and it is also used in many industrial processes.
A. hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of hydrogen to an organic compound. It is a type of addition reaction, and it is the opposite of dehydrogenation. In hydrogenation, the hydrogen molecule breaks apart into its two hydrogen atoms. These atoms then react with the carbon atoms of the organic compound, causing it to add hydrogen atoms and become saturated.
B. hydration is a chemical reaction in which water is added to an organic compound. It is a type of addition reaction, and it is the opposite of dehydration. In hydration, the water molecule breaks apart into its two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. These atoms then react with the carbon atoms of the organic compound, causing it to add water molecules and become hydrated.
D. all of these is not the correct answer because it is not a specific type of reaction. It is a general term that can refer to any reaction that involves water.