Certain geographical regions in a country may have economic laws diffe

Certain geographical regions in a country may have economic laws different from the country’s typical economic laws. Which one of the following could be the reason for allowing the differences in economic laws for particular geographical regions?

Increasing trade in the country
Discretionary allocation of natural resources
Increasing foreign investment
Leverage connections to extract a larger share of existing wealth
This question was previously asked in
UPSC Geoscientist – 2021
Certain geographical regions may have economic laws different from the country’s typical laws primarily to attract foreign investment and boost economic activity, such as in the case of Special Economic Zones (SEZs). These regions offer incentives like tax breaks, relaxed regulations, and simplified procedures specifically to create a favorable environment for investors.
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are examples of such regions, established with distinct economic regulations to promote exports, generate employment, and attract domestic and foreign investment. The differential laws are designed to make the region globally competitive for business and investment.
While increasing trade (especially exports) is a major objective and outcome of establishing such regions, attracting investment (both domestic and foreign) is the primary driver for creating a distinct legal and regulatory framework, as investment is the engine for economic activity and subsequent trade growth. Discretionary allocation of natural resources or leveraging connections for personal gain are not the stated or legitimate reasons for establishing such zones.