The correct answer is: a) Improvisation and melodic complexity.
Carnatic music is a classical music tradition of South India. It is characterized by its use of complex melodies, intricate rhythms, and improvisation. Carnatic music is often performed in a concert setting, with a vocalist accompanied by a variety of instruments, including the violin, the veena, and the mridangam.
Percussion-driven rhythms are not a defining feature of Carnatic music. While percussion instruments are used in Carnatic music, they are not the primary focus of the music. The focus of Carnatic music is on the melody and the improvisation.
Devotional lyrics and group singing are also not defining features of Carnatic music. While some Carnatic music is based on devotional texts, there is also a large body of secular Carnatic music. Additionally, Carnatic music is not typically performed in a group setting. It is more commonly performed by a soloist or a small ensemble.
Fusion with Western musical styles is a relatively recent development in Carnatic music. While there have been some attempts to fuse Carnatic music with Western musical styles, this is not a defining feature of the music. The vast majority of Carnatic music is still performed in its traditional form.
In conclusion, the correct answer to the question “Carnatic music, a classical music tradition of South India, emphasizes:” is: a) Improvisation and melodic complexity.