By which one of the following amendments, was Article 51A, relating to

By which one of the following amendments, was Article 51A, relating to the Fundamental Duties, inserted into the Constitution of India ?

The Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act
The Constitution (44th Amendment) Act
The Constitution (85th Amendment) Act
The Constitution (92nd Amendment) Act
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2023
Part IVA (Article 51A) relating to Fundamental Duties was inserted into the Constitution of India by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976. This amendment is also known as the ‘Mini-Constitution’ due to the significant number of changes it introduced.
– Fundamental Duties were not part of the original Constitution.
– They were added based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
– The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, added ten Fundamental Duties.
– An eleventh Fundamental Duty was added later by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.
The 44th Amendment Act, 1978, primarily aimed to reverse some of the changes made by the 42nd Amendment, particularly concerning emergency provisions and property rights. The 85th Amendment Act relates to reservations in promotion. The 92nd Amendment Act, 2003, related to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution, adding Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santali languages.