Buds produced in the notches along the leaf margin of Bryophyllum fall

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Buds produced in the notches along the leaf margin of Bryophyllum fall on soil and develop into new plants. This is an example of which one of the following types of reproduction?

Vegetative propagation
Budding
Spore formation
Regeneration
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2022
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The correct answer is A) Vegetative propagation.
Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals are produced from vegetative parts of the parent plant, such as roots, stems, or leaves, rather than from seeds or spores. In Bryophyllum, adventitious buds develop in the notches along the leaf margin; these buds can detach, fall to the ground, and grow into new plants, which is a classic example of vegetative propagation via leaves.
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction, but it typically involves the formation of a bud that develops into a new individual while attached to the parent (e.g., yeast, Hydra) or as a horticultural technique (bud grafting). Spore formation is a reproductive method found in fungi, bacteria, algae, and some plants like ferns and mosses. Regeneration is the ability of an organism to regrow lost body parts.

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