Bollgard I and Bollgard II technologies are mentioned in the context of
[amp_mcq option1=”clonal propagation of crop plants” option2=”developing genetically modified crop plants” option3=”production of plant growth substances” option4=”production of biofertilizers” correct=”option2″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2021
– These technologies involve introducing genes from the bacterium *Bacillus thuringiensis* (Bt) into the cotton plant’s genome.
– The Bt genes (specifically *cry1Ac* in Bollgard I and *cry1Ac* and *cry2Ab* in Bollgard II) produce proteins that are toxic to certain insect pests, particularly the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and other lepidopteran pests.
– This genetic modification makes the cotton plant resistant to these pests, reducing the need for chemical insecticides and improving yields. This is a classic example of genetic modification for pest resistance in crops.