Beekeeping (apiculture) is often integrated with horticulture in Punjab because it aids in:

The correct answer is: All of the above.

Beekeeping (apiculture) is often integrated with horticulture in Punjab because it aids in pollination, pest control, and honey production as a value-added product.

• Pollination: Bees are essential pollinators, and without them, many crops would not be able to produce fruit or vegetables. When bees visit flowers, they collect nectar and pollen to take back to their hives. In the process, they transfer pollen from one flower to another, which is necessary for fertilization and fruit production.
• Pest control: Bees also help to control pests in orchards and other agricultural settings. They prey on a variety of pests, including aphids, scale insects, and mealybugs. This helps to reduce the need for pesticides, which can be harmful to the environment.
• Honey production: Honey is a valuable product that can be sold for a profit. It is also a healthy food that is high in antioxidants and other nutrients. Beekeeping can provide a source of income for farmers and other rural communities.

In addition to these benefits, beekeeping can also help to improve biodiversity and promote sustainable agriculture. Bees play an important role in the ecosystem, and by supporting beekeeping, we can help to protect these important pollinators.