The correct answer is: C. Extrusive igneous rock.
Basalt is a common extrusive igneous rock, meaning it forms when magma or lava erupts from a volcano and cools rapidly on the Earth’s surface. It is composed of mostly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene minerals, and it has a dark, black or gray color. Basalt is a very hard rock, and it is often used in construction and road building.
Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment, which is material that has been weathered and transported from one place to another, is compacted and cemented together. Sediment can be made up of pieces of rock, minerals, or organic matter. Sedimentary rocks are classified based on the type of sediment that they are made from, the way in which the sediment was deposited, and the degree to which the sediment has been compacted and cemented.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure. The heat and pressure can cause the minerals in the rock to change, and the rock can also be deformed. Metamorphic rocks are classified based on the type of rock that they were formed from, the degree of metamorphism that they have undergone, and the minerals that they contain.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed when magma or lava cools and solidifies beneath the Earth’s surface. Intrusive igneous rocks are typically coarse-grained, because they have more time to cool and crystallize than extrusive igneous rocks. Intrusive igneous rocks are classified based on their mineral composition and texture.