The correct answer is (d), 1856.
Awadh, also known as Oudh, was an independent princely state in India until 1856, when it was annexed by the British East India Company. The annexation was a major cause of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
The annexation of Awadh was controversial at the time, and it has been the subject of much debate ever since. Some historians have argued that the annexation was justified, as the Nawab of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah, was an incompetent ruler who had squandered the state’s resources. Others have argued that the annexation was a cynical act of imperialism, motivated by the British desire to expand their territory and control.
Whatever the reasons for the annexation, it had a profound impact on the history of India. The rebellion of 1857 was a direct result of the annexation, and it led to the end of the East India Company’s rule in India.
The options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect because Awadh was not amalgamated into the British dominion in those years.