At what time between 2 o’clock and 3 o’clock will the hour and minute

At what time between 2 o’clock and 3 o’clock will the hour and minute hands of a clock be 12 minutes division apart?

12 minutes past 2 o'clock
18 minutes past 2 o'clock
24 minutes past 2 o'clock
30 minutes past 2 o'clock
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2018
The correct answer is C) 24 minutes past 2 o’clock.
At 2 o’clock, the hour hand is at the ‘2’ mark and the minute hand is at the ’12’ mark. The distance between them is 10 minute divisions (each minute mark represents 1 minute or 6 degrees; 5 minute divisions between 12 and 1, 1 and 2, so 10 divisions). We want the hands to be 12 minute divisions (12 * 6 = 72 degrees) apart.
The minute hand moves 6 degrees per minute. The hour hand moves 0.5 degrees per minute. The relative speed of the minute hand with respect to the hour hand is 5.5 degrees per minute.
At 2:00, the hour hand is at 60 degrees from 12 (2 * 30), and the minute hand is at 0 degrees. The hour hand is 60 degrees ahead of the minute hand.
We want the difference in angles to be 72 degrees. This can be when the minute hand is 72 degrees behind the hour hand, or 72 degrees ahead.
Let ‘t’ be the time in minutes past 2.
Angle of minute hand = 6t.
Angle of hour hand = 60 + 0.5t.
We want |6t – (60 + 0.5t)| = 72.
|5.5t – 60| = 72.
Case 1: 5.5t – 60 = 72 => 5.5t = 132 => t = 132 / 5.5 = 1320 / 55 = 24.
Case 2: 5.5t – 60 = -72 => 5.5t = -12 => t = -12 / 5.5, which is not possible for time after 2:00.
So, the time is 24 minutes past 2 o’clock. At 2:24, the minute hand is at 24 * 6 = 144 degrees. The hour hand is at 60 + 24 * 0.5 = 60 + 12 = 72 degrees. The difference is 144 – 72 = 72 degrees, which is 12 minute divisions (72/6).
The relative speed of the minute hand w.r.t. hour hand is 5.5 degrees per minute, or 11/12 minute divisions per minute. At 2 o’clock, the hour hand is 10 minute divisions ahead of the minute hand. To be 12 divisions apart, the minute hand must gain (10 + 12) = 22 divisions if it’s ahead, or gain (10 – (-12)) = 22 if behind (but this means passing the hour hand, which happens at 2:24 anyway). The minute hand needs to gain 22 minute divisions relative to the hour hand from the 12 o’clock position where both hypothetically start together. The hour hand is effectively at 10 minute divisions at 2:00. The minute hand starts at 0. The relative gain required is the initial gap plus the desired gap. Initial gap is 10 min divisions. Desired gap is 12 min divisions. Total gain required = 10 + 12 = 22 minute divisions (for the minute hand to be ahead). Time = Gain / Relative speed = 22 / (11/12) = 22 * (12/11) = 2 * 12 = 24 minutes.