Assertion (A): The Delhi Sultans are credited with introducing the institution of dalal in India to facilitate commercial transactions on a large scale. Reason (R): The dalals immediately established the dalal system in the whole of India to procure goods meant for export.

The correct answer is: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

The Delhi Sultans were a Muslim dynasty that ruled over the Indian subcontinent from the 12th to the 16th centuries. They were responsible for introducing a number of important reforms, including the institution of the dalal. The dalal was a professional middleman who acted as an intermediary between buyers and sellers. They played a vital role in facilitating commercial transactions, especially on a large scale.

The reason given in the question is also true. The dalals did immediately establish the dalal system in the whole of India to procure goods meant for export. This was necessary in order to meet the growing demand for Indian goods in the international market.

Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Option A: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. This is the correct answer.
• Option B: Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A. This is not the correct answer. The reason given in the question is a correct explanation of the assertion.
• Option C: A is true but R is false. This is not the correct answer. The assertion is true and the reason is also true.
• Option D: A is false but R is true. This is not the correct answer. The assertion is true and the reason is also true.