The correct answer is: (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and prescribes techniques for the effective operation of a business or other enterprise. It is based on the idea that managers need to understand the scientific principles underlying work processes in order to improve efficiency and productivity.
The physiological organizational theory is a theory of management that focuses on the physical and physiological aspects of work. It is based on the idea that managers need to understand the physical and physiological needs of workers in order to create a healthy and productive work environment.
While scientific management and the physiological organizational theory are both concerned with the efficiency and productivity of work, they have different focuses. Scientific management is concerned with the scientific principles underlying work processes, while the physiological organizational theory is concerned with the physical and physiological needs of workers.
Therefore, (A) and (R) are true. However, (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (R) does not explain why scientific management is concerned with the efficiency and productivity of work.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). This option is incorrect because (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (A) and (R) is true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). This option is correct because (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- (A) is true, but (R) is false. This option is incorrect because (R) is true.
- (A) is false, but (R) is true. This option is incorrect because (A) is true.