The correct answer is (a) Ballia.
According to the provisional figures of the 2011 Census, the female literacy rate in Ballia district is 53.2%, which is the lowest among all the districts of Uttar Pradesh. The female literacy rate in Deoria district is 54.4%, Gorakhpur district is 55.1%, and Rampur district is 55.7%.
There are a number of factors that contribute to the low female literacy rate in Ballia district. One factor is that the district has a high proportion of rural population. In 2011, the rural population of Ballia district was 84.4%, while the urban population was only 15.6%. Rural areas tend to have lower literacy rates than urban areas.
Another factor that contributes to the low female literacy rate in Ballia district is the low level of education among women. In 2011, the average number of years of schooling for women in Ballia district was 4.8 years, which is lower than the average number of years of schooling for women in Uttar Pradesh (5.4 years) and India (6.1 years).
The low female literacy rate in Ballia district has a number of negative consequences. It limits the opportunities available to women and girls, and it contributes to the cycle of poverty. It is important to address the factors that contribute to the low female literacy rate in Ballia district in order to improve the lives of women and girls in the district.