The correct answer is (d), Indore in Madhya Pradesh.
Indore has been ranked as the cleanest city in India for the fourth consecutive year in 2021 by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The city has consistently improved its air quality over the past few years, thanks to a number of initiatives taken by the government and the local administration.
Some of the key initiatives taken by the Indore Municipal Corporation (IMC) to improve air quality include:
- Planting trees: The IMC has planted over 3 million trees in the city in the past few years. Trees help to improve air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.
- Promoting public transport: The IMC has also promoted the use of public transport in the city by providing subsidies on bus fares and introducing new bus routes. This has helped to reduce the number of private vehicles on the road, which in turn has improved air quality.
- Cracking down on pollution: The IMC has also cracked down on pollution from industries and vehicles. It has imposed fines on polluting industries and has also impounded vehicles that are emitting excessive smoke.
These initiatives have helped to improve air quality in Indore significantly. The city’s air quality index (AQI) has consistently been below 100 in recent years, which is considered to be good air quality.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the cleanest cities in India. Haridwar in Uttarakhand, Gadag in Karnataka, and Amaravati in Maharashtra all have higher AQIs than Indore.