The correct answer is (b). Article 40 of the Constitution of India advises the State to take steps to organize village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.
(a) A Uniform Civil Code is a code of personal law that would apply to all citizens of India, regardless of their religion. This is not something that is currently mandated by the Constitution, although there have been calls for it in the past.
(c) Municipalities are local self-government bodies that are responsible for providing a range of services to their residents, such as water supply, sanitation, and public health. They are established by the State government and are governed by a mayor and a council of elected representatives.
(d) Living wages are wages that are sufficient to meet the basic needs of workers and their families. The Constitution does not specifically mention living wages, but it does guarantee the right to work and the right to just and humane conditions of work.