Article 21 of the Constitution of India includes
- 1. Rights of transgenders
- 2. Rights of craniopagus twins
- 3. Rights of mentally retarded women to bear a child
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
Answer is Right!
Answer is Wrong!
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
– Statement 1: The Supreme Court in NALSA v. Union of India (2014) held that the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 includes the right to gender identity and personal dignity for transgender persons.
– Statement 2: The right to life under Article 21 includes the right to a dignified life, physical integrity, and access to necessary medical care. Complex medical situations, such as those involving conjoined twins, clearly involve fundamental questions about the right to life and bodily autonomy protected under Article 21.
– Statement 3: The right to personal liberty under Article 21 includes reproductive autonomy and the right to make decisions about one’s body, including the right to bear children. While complex considerations exist for individuals with mental disabilities, their fundamental rights under Article 21, including aspects of reproductive rights, are protected and cannot be arbitrarily denied.