The correct answer is (a).
In the case of Ashok Kumar Thakur V/s Union of India, the Supreme Court declared that Article 15(5) was a part of the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. This means that Article 15(5) cannot be amended or repealed by the Parliament.
Article 15(5) states that “Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.”
The Supreme Court held that Article 15(5) was a part of the basic structure of the Constitution because it was essential to the protection of the rights of the marginalized sections of society. The Court said that Article 15(5) was a “fundamental principle” of the Constitution and that it could not be amended or repealed.
The Court’s decision in Ashok Kumar Thakur V/s Union of India was a landmark ruling that has had a significant impact on the protection of the rights of the marginalized sections of society in India.
The other options are incorrect because they do not refer to the case of Ashok Kumar Thakur V/s Union of India.