Andhra Pradesh has experienced a decline in its population growth rate in recent decades, this trend is known as:

The correct answer is: a) Demographic dividend.

A demographic dividend is a period of time when a country experiences a decline in its population growth rate, which can lead to economic growth. This is because there are more people of working age than there are children and elderly people, which means that there is a larger workforce to produce goods and services.

The other options are incorrect because:

• Demographic transition is a theory that describes the changes in a population’s age structure as it develops from a pre-industrial to an industrial society.
• Population explosion is a rapid increase in the population of a country or region.
• Urbanization is the process of people moving from rural areas to cities.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.