The correct answer is D. Laboratory and field experiments.
Scientific knowledge is knowledge that is based on evidence and experimentation. It is knowledge that is constantly being tested and refined, and it is knowledge that is open to change. Scientific knowledge is not based on authority, tradition, or religious scriptures. It is based on evidence and experimentation.
Option A is incorrect because authority is not a reliable source of knowledge. The authority of a prophet or great man does not necessarily mean that their claims are true.
Option B is incorrect because social traditions and customs are not always based on evidence. They may be based on tradition or superstition.
Option C is incorrect because religious scriptures are not always based on evidence. They may be based on faith or belief.
Option D is the correct answer because laboratory and field experiments are the most reliable way to obtain knowledge. They allow us to test our hypotheses and to see if our predictions are correct.