Algae and fungi are collectively known as

Thallophytes
Pteridophytes
Bryophytes
Spermatophytes

The correct answer is A. Thallophytes.

Thallophytes are a group of non-vascular plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves. They are typically simple organisms that reproduce by spores. Algae and fungi are both thalophytes.

Bryophytes are a group of small, simple plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They are the simplest land plants and have a few simple organs, such as roots, stems, and leaves. Bryophytes reproduce by spores.

Pteridophytes are a group of vascular plants that include ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. They have more complex structures than bryophytes, including true roots, stems, and leaves. Pteridophytes reproduce by spores.

Spermatophytes are a group of vascular plants that include seed plants. They have the most complex structures of all plants, including true roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. Spermatophytes reproduce by seeds.

In conclusion, algae and fungi are both thalophytes, which are a group of non-vascular plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves.

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