The correct answer is: b) Influx of refugees and rehabilitation efforts.
After Partition, East Punjab (India) witnessed a large influx of refugees from West Punjab (Pakistan). These refugees were displaced from their homes and had to be rehabilitated. The Indian government and the people of East Punjab made great efforts to rehabilitate the refugees. They provided them with food, shelter, and clothing. They also helped them to find jobs and rebuild their lives.
The other options are incorrect. Option a) is incorrect because East Punjab did not witness rapid industrialization after Partition. Option c) is incorrect because there was no rise of religious fundamentalism in East Punjab after Partition. Option d) is incorrect because there was no political instability in East Punjab after Partition.
The influx of refugees and the rehabilitation efforts had a significant impact on East Punjab. The population of East Punjab increased by about 25% as a result of the influx of refugees. The government and the people of East Punjab had to make a lot of sacrifices to rehabilitate the refugees. However, they were successful in their efforts and the refugees were able to rebuild their lives.