The correct answer is (d). Nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide are the main pollutants that cause acid rain.
Acid rain is a form of precipitation that is acidic, meaning that it has a pH below 5.6. It is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. These pollutants react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which then fall to the Earth as acid rain.
Acid rain can have a number of negative effects on the environment, including:
- Damaging forests and other vegetation
- Acidifying lakes and streams, killing fish and other aquatic life
- Eroding buildings and other structures
- Affecting human health
There are a number of things that can be done to reduce acid rain, including:
- Switching to cleaner sources of energy, such as solar and wind power
- Using pollution control technologies to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
- Planting trees, which can help to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
Acid rain is a serious environmental problem, but it is one that can be solved through concerted effort.