Home » UPSC IAS » Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by

Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Acid rain is caused by the pollution of environment by

carbon dioxide and nitrogen

carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide

ozone and carbon dioxide

nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide

This question was previously asked in

UPSC IAS – 2013

Download PDF Attempt Online

The correct answer is D) nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide.

Acid rain is primarily caused by atmospheric pollutants, mainly sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These gases are released into the atmosphere, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels. In the atmosphere, they react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids. These acids then fall to the Earth’s surface through rain, snow, fog, or dry deposition. While the term “nitrous oxide” (N₂O) is specifically mentioned in the option, it is one of the nitrogen oxides (NOx) group, although NO and NO₂ from combustion are the main contributors to acid rain’s nitrogen component. However, compared to other options which list substances not responsible for acid rain (Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Ozone, Nitrogen), this option correctly identifies the two major categories of pollutants that lead to acid rain (sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds).

Sulfur dioxide emissions largely come from power plants and industrial facilities burning coal and oil. Nitrogen oxide emissions come from vehicle exhausts, power plants, and industrial combustion. Acid rain has harmful effects on ecosystems, damaging forests, lakes, buildings, and monuments.

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