The correct answer is (b) 15.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified 15 diseases that are directly or indirectly caused by climate change. These diseases include malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, cholera, diarrheal diseases, respiratory infections, heat-related illnesses, and malnutrition.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium. The parasite is spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Malaria is a major cause of death in Africa, and it is also a significant problem in other parts of the world, including Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean.
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that is caused by a virus called dengue virus. The virus is spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Dengue fever is a major cause of illness and death in Southeast Asia, and it is also a significant problem in other parts of the world, including Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Islands.
Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne disease that is caused by a virus called yellow fever virus. The virus is spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Yellow fever is a major cause of illness and death in Africa and South America.
Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease that is caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. The bacterium is spread to humans through contaminated food or water. Cholera is a major cause of death in developing countries, and it is also a significant problem in other parts of the world, including the United States.
Diarrheal diseases are a group of diseases that are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The diseases are spread to humans through contaminated food or water. Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of death in children under the age of five, and they are also a significant problem in adults.
Respiratory infections are a group of diseases that are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The diseases are spread to humans through the air. Respiratory infections are a major cause of death in children under the age of five, and they are also a significant problem in adults.
Heat-related illnesses are a group of diseases that are caused by exposure to high temperatures. The diseases can include heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and heat cramps. Heat-related illnesses are a major cause of death in the elderly and in people with chronic health conditions.
Malnutrition is a condition that is caused by a lack of nutrients in the diet. Malnutrition can lead to a variety of health problems, including growth retardation, impaired cognitive development, and increased risk of infection. Malnutrition is a major problem in developing countries, and it is also a significant problem in other parts of the world, including the United States.
The WHO report also identifies a number of other health problems that are likely to be exacerbated by climate change, including cardiovascular disease, mental health problems, and cancer.