The correct answer is: A. Pushyamitra Shunga.
The Gargi Samhita is an ancient Indian text that contains a number of historical references. One of these references is to the invasion of Patliputra by the Yavans. The Yavans were a group of people from Central Asia who invaded India in the 2nd century BCE. The Gargi Samhita states that the Yavans invaded Patliputra during the reign of Pushyamitra Shunga. Pushyamitra Shunga was the founder of the Shunga dynasty, which ruled over India from 185 to 73 BCE. The Shunga dynasty was founded after the assassination of the last Mauryan emperor, Ashoka. The Yavans were defeated by Pushyamitra Shunga and were forced to leave India.
The other options are incorrect because they do not correspond to the historical record. Asoka was the third Mauryan emperor and ruled from 272 to 232 BCE. Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Mauryan dynasty and ruled from 322 to 298 BCE. Vikramaditya was a legendary king who is said to have ruled over India in the 2nd century CE.