‘A’ voluntarily throws into a river, a ring belonging to ‘Z’ with the

‘A’ voluntarily throws into a river, a ring belonging to ‘Z’ with the intention of thereby causing wrongful loss to ‘Z’. ‘A’ has committed

theft.
mischief.
criminal breach of trust.
cheating.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2020
The scenario described, where ‘A’ voluntarily throws ‘Z’s ring into a river with the intention of causing wrongful loss to ‘Z’, fits the definition of ‘mischief’ under Section 425 of the Indian Penal Code. Mischief involves intentionally causing destruction to any property, or any such change in any property or in the situation thereof as destroys or diminishes its value or utility, or affects it injuriously, with the intent to cause wrongful loss or damage. Throwing the ring into the river destroys its utility and causes wrongful loss.
– Mischief requires intention to cause wrongful loss or damage.
– It involves causing destruction or diminution of value/utility of property.
– Throwing an item into a river to cause loss constitutes mischief.
Theft (A) requires taking property out of possession. Criminal breach of trust (C) involves misappropriating property entrusted to someone. Cheating (D) involves deception to cause delivery of property or harm. None of these applies to the destruction of property as described.
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