The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Sustainable mining is the extraction of minerals and metals in a way that minimizes environmental and social impacts. It is important to reclaim mined areas, use renewable energy sources, and involve communities in decision-making in order to promote sustainable mining.
Reclamation of mined areas involves restoring the land to its original condition or to a condition that is suitable for other uses. This can be done by planting trees, shrubs, and grasses, or by covering the area with topsoil.
The use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, can help to reduce the environmental impact of mining. These sources of energy do not produce greenhouse gases or other pollutants, and they do not require the use of water or other resources that could be used for other purposes.
Community participation in decision-making can help to ensure that the interests of local people are taken into account when decisions about mining are made. This can help to reduce conflict and improve the social and economic impacts of mining.
In conclusion, all of the options listed in the question can promote sustainable mining in Odisha. It is important to implement all of these practices in order to ensure that mining is done in a way that is environmentally and socially responsible.