The correct answer is: D. Convection
Convection is the heat transfer process in the atmosphere that depends upon the movement of air. It is the most important heat transfer process in the atmosphere because it is responsible for the transfer of heat from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere.
Convection occurs when warm air rises and cold air sinks. This is because warm air is less dense than cold air, so it rises. As the warm air rises, it cools and becomes denser. This causes the cold air to sink, which in turn warms up and rises. This cycle of rising and sinking air creates convection currents.
Convection currents are important because they help to distribute heat throughout the atmosphere. They also help to create clouds and precipitation.
The other options are incorrect because they do not depend upon the movement of air.
- Conduction is the heat transfer process that occurs when two objects of different temperatures are in contact with each other. The heat flows from the warmer object to the cooler object.
- Absorption is the heat transfer process that occurs when a substance absorbs energy from its surroundings.
- Reflection is the heat transfer process that occurs when a substance reflects energy from its surroundings.
- Radiation is the heat transfer process that occurs when energy is emitted from a source in the form of electromagnetic waves.