The correct answer is: A) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY).
The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is a government project aimed at improving road connectivity in rural areas of India. The project was launched in 2000 and has since constructed over 600,000 kilometers of roads in rural areas. The PMGSY is one of the largest rural development programs in the world and has had a significant impact on the lives of millions of people in rural India.
The PMGSY is a centrally sponsored scheme, which means that the central government provides funding for the project, while the state governments are responsible for implementing it. The project is implemented through a three-tier structure: the central government, the state governments, and the district rural development agencies (DRDAs). The DRDAs are responsible for identifying the villages that need roads, preparing the project reports, and implementing the projects.
The PMGSY is a demand-driven scheme, which means that the villages that are eligible for roads are selected based on the demand from the villagers. The villages are selected through a participatory process, which involves the gram panchayats (village councils), the block development committees (BDCs), and the DRDAs.
The PMGSY provides for the construction of all-weather roads in rural areas. The roads are constructed to a minimum standard, which includes a width of 10 meters, a surface of bitumen or concrete, and a drainage system. The roads are also designed to be accessible to all types of vehicles, including tractors and buses.
The PMGSY has had a significant impact on the lives of millions of people in rural India. The roads have improved access to markets, schools, and hospitals. They have also reduced the time and cost of travel. The roads have also helped to improve the quality of life in rural areas by providing access to basic amenities such as electricity and water.
The PMGSY has been a successful project and has helped to improve the lives of millions of people in rural India. The project has also helped to promote economic development in rural areas by improving connectivity and access to markets.