The correct answer is: All of the above.
Meghalaya is a state in northeastern India. It is the wettest place on Earth, with an average annual rainfall of 11,871 mm (467.4 in). The state is also hilly, with an average elevation of 1,400 m (4,600 ft). These two factors, the high rainfall and the hilly terrain, pose a number of challenges to agriculture in Meghalaya.
The high rainfall can cause soil erosion, which can lead to the loss of topsoil and nutrients. The hilly terrain makes it difficult to cultivate land, and the steep slopes can make it difficult to access fields. The high rainfall also makes it difficult to irrigate crops, as water can easily run off the land.
As a result of these challenges, agriculture in Meghalaya is often subsistence-level. Farmers in Meghalaya typically grow rice, maize, millet, and vegetables. They also raise livestock, such as pigs, chickens, and goats.
In recent years, the government of Meghalaya has taken steps to address the challenges of agriculture in the state. The government has implemented a number of programs to promote sustainable agriculture, including soil conservation, irrigation, and crop diversification. The government has also provided financial assistance to farmers to help them purchase equipment and inputs.
These efforts have helped to improve the situation of agriculture in Meghalaya. However, the challenges remain significant, and the state will need to continue to invest in agriculture in order to improve the livelihoods of its farmers.
Here are some additional details about each of the options:
- Limited availability of flat land: The hilly terrain of Meghalaya makes it difficult to find flat land for agriculture. This is a major challenge, as flat land is necessary for growing crops and raising livestock.
- Soil erosion: The high rainfall in Meghalaya can cause soil erosion. This is a serious problem, as it can lead to the loss of topsoil and nutrients. Topsoil is essential for growing crops, and nutrients are essential for plant growth.
- Poor irrigation infrastructure: The hilly terrain of Meghalaya makes it difficult to irrigate crops. This is a major challenge, as irrigation is essential for growing crops in areas with high rainfall.
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