‘A’ incites a dog to spring upon ‘Z’ without ‘Z’s consent with the intention to annoy ‘Z’,Here ‘A’ has committed the offence of

The correct answer is (c), criminal assault.

Criminal assault is an act that intentionally or recklessly causes another person to apprehend immediate and unlawful violence. It can be committed by a variety of means, including inciting a dog to attack another person.

In this case, A has committed criminal assault by inciting a dog to spring upon Z without Z’s consent and with the intention to annoy Z. A’s actions have caused Z to apprehend immediate and unlawful violence, and Z has suffered the consequences of A’s actions.

(a), criminal force, is incorrect because A has not used any force against Z.

(b), grievous hurt, is incorrect because Z has not suffered any serious injury.

(d), defamation, is incorrect because A has not made any false statements about Z.