The correct answer is B. Endemism.
Endemism is the state of being native to a particular place and nowhere else in the world. An endemic species is a species that is found only in a particular place. Endemism can occur at the level of a species, genus, family, or even higher taxonomic group.
There are many reasons why a species might be endemic to a particular place. One reason is that the place may provide the species with the resources it needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter. Another reason is that the place may be isolated from other areas, which prevents the species from spreading to other places.
Endemism is important because it helps to maintain biodiversity. Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. When a species is endemic to a particular place, it means that that place is home to a unique type of life that is not found anywhere else in the world. This makes the place more valuable and important to protect.
Here are brief explanations of the other options:
- Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
- Habitat: A habitat is the natural home of an organism.
- Food web: A food web is a network of interconnected food chains.