Which one of the following protocols is used for determining the MAC a

Which one of the following protocols is used for determining the MAC address corresponding to an IP address ?

ARP
IP
ICMP
FTP
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2023
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network layer protocol used to find the hardware address (MAC address) associated with a given Internet Protocol (IP) address on a local network. When a device wants to send an IP packet to another device on the same network and only knows its IP address, it uses ARP to discover the corresponding MAC address.
– ARP maps Layer 3 (IP) addresses to Layer 2 (MAC) addresses.
– IP is for logical addressing and routing.
– ICMP is for network diagnostics and control messages.
– FTP is for file transfer.
RARP (Reverse ARP) performs the opposite function, mapping a MAC address to an IP address, though it is less commonly used now, largely superseded by protocols like BOOTP and DHCP.