Under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, ‘Public Documents’ include

Under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, ‘Public Documents’ include

records of sovereign authority, official bodies, tribunals, legislatures, Judiciary of India or the Commonwealth or of a foreign country, and agreements of public bank
records of sovereign authority, official bodies, tribunals, legislatures, Judiciary of India or the Commonwealth or of a foreign country, and registered agreements
records of sovereign authority, official bodies, tribunals, legislatures, Judiciary of India or the Commonwealth or of a foreign country, and also public records of private documents
only records signed by public officers and in custody of a government office
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2019
Option C is correct. Section 74 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 defines ‘Public Documents’. It includes documents forming the acts or records of the acts of sovereign authority, official bodies and tribunals, and public officers, legislative, judicial and executive, of India, the Commonwealth, or a foreign country (Part 1), AND public records kept in any State of private documents (Part 2).
– Public documents primarily relate to official acts and records of governmental/public authorities.
– Crucially, records of private documents (like registered deeds) maintained in public offices (like Registration departments) are also considered public documents.
– Examples of public documents include Acts of Parliament, judgments of courts, entries in public registers (births, deaths, marriages), records of official surveys, etc.
– While bank records and agreements might involve a public entity, they are not necessarily public documents in the sense defined by Section 74, unless they form a record of an official act or are registered documents kept in a public record. Option C correctly captures both limbs of the definition.