The phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapours at any temperature i

The phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapours at any temperature is known as evaporation, which takes place

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at its boiling point

above its boiling point

below its boiling point

at room temperature

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2017

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Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas or vapor. This process occurs at the surface of the liquid. Unlike boiling, which happens at a specific temperature (the boiling point) throughout the bulk of the liquid when its vapor pressure equals the surrounding pressure, evaporation can happen at *any* temperature where the liquid exists. Molecules at the surface gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them in the liquid phase and escape into the gas phase. This process occurs *below* the boiling point of the liquid.

– Evaporation is a surface phenomenon.
– It occurs when liquid molecules gain enough energy to escape into the gas phase.
– Evaporation can take place at any temperature where the liquid is present.
– Boiling is different; it occurs throughout the liquid at a specific temperature (boiling point) where vapor pressure equals external pressure.

Factors affecting the rate of evaporation include temperature (higher temperature, faster evaporation), surface area (larger area, faster evaporation), humidity (lower humidity, faster evaporation), and wind speed (higher wind speed, faster evaporation). Evaporation is a cooling process because the molecules with the highest kinetic energy escape from the liquid surface.

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