Which of the following statements best describes “carbon fe

Which of the following statements best describes “carbon fertilization”?

Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Increased temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Increased acidity of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

Adaptation of all living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC IAS – 2018

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“Carbon fertilization” is an ecological term describing a specific effect of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a key input for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 can stimulate photosynthesis, leading to increased plant growth, especially in plants using the C3 photosynthetic pathway. This effect is known as carbon fertilization.

While increased CO2 contributes to global warming (B) and ocean acidification (C), these are distinct phenomena from carbon fertilization. Carbon fertilization is about the direct impact of elevated CO2 on plant physiology and growth. The adaptation of living beings to climate change (D) is a broad concept and not the definition of carbon fertilization.

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