Which of the following does NOT show an improvement in rural areas fro

Which of the following does NOT show an improvement in rural areas from the National Family Health Survey 4 to National Family Health Survey 5 ?

Infant mortality rate
Obesity in women
Anaemia in children
Total fertility rate
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2024
Comparing data for rural areas from NFHS-4 (2015-16) and NFHS-5 (2019-21):
A) Infant mortality rate: Decreased, showing improvement.
B) Obesity in women (BMI >= 25.0 kg/m2): Increased, showing worsening, i.e., no improvement.
C) Anaemia in children (6-59 months): Increased, showing worsening, i.e., no improvement.
D) Total fertility rate: Decreased, often considered a positive demographic trend (improvement in terms of population stabilization).
Both Obesity in women and Anaemia in children increased, meaning neither showed improvement. However, as a single-choice question, Option B (Obesity in women) is the chosen correct answer in many sources referencing this specific question, highlighting the significant increase in obesity as a key non-improvement.
NFHS-5 data revealed concerning trends in several health indicators compared to NFHS-4, notably increases in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and anaemia across various population groups, including in rural areas, while indicators like IMR and TFR generally showed improvement.
The increase in obesity and anaemia in rural areas between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 points towards emerging public health challenges related to diet, nutrition, and lifestyle, requiring targeted interventions.