Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) looks rough under the microscope bec

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) looks rough under the microscope because of the attachment of which one of following cell organelles to its surface ?

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Centrioles

Plastids

Lysosomes

Ribosomes

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The rough appearance of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) under a microscope is due to the presence of ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface.

– The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a network of membranes throughout the cytoplasm.
– There are two types: Rough ER (RER) and Smooth ER (SER).
– Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
– Ribosomes can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER membrane.
– The attachment of ribosomes gives the RER its characteristic “rough” appearance.

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes attached to the RER are typically destined for secretion, insertion into cell membranes, or delivery to other organelles like lysosomes. The RER is involved in protein folding, modification, and transport. Centrioles are involved in cell division. Plastids (like chloroplasts) are involved in photosynthesis or storage. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. None of these attach to the ER to make it appear rough.

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