The Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA)
extends greater say to local tribal community over common resources
provides greater devolution of powers to Scheduled Tribes
extends provisions of 73rd Amendment to Scheduled Areas
brings Scheduled Areas under the better control of local Panchayats
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This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2018
The Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA) was enacted to extend the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution relating to Panchayats to the Scheduled Areas mentioned in the Fifth Schedule, with certain modifications and exceptions. A key objective and outcome of PESA is to empower the Gram Sabha (village assembly) in Scheduled Areas, giving them significant authority, particularly over the management and control of community resources.
PESA is aimed at ensuring tribal self-rule and empowering the tribal community, primarily through the Gram Sabha. Giving the tribal community greater say over common resources (like land, water, forests, minor forest produce) is a central theme and specific provision of the PESA Act.