Which one among the following fertilizers is a source of nitrogen ?

Superphosphate

Potassium sulfate

Bone meal

Urea

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2024

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Urea, with the chemical formula (NH₂)₂CO, is a widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. It contains a high percentage of nitrogen by weight. When applied to soil, urea is hydrolyzed by enzymes to produce ammonia (NH₃), which is then converted to ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and nitrate ions (NO₃⁻) that plants can absorb as sources of nitrogen. Superphosphate is a phosphorus fertilizer, potassium sulfate is a potassium fertilizer, and bone meal is primarily a source of phosphorus and calcium.

Plants require macronutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) for growth. Fertilizers provide these nutrients. Nitrogen fertilizers specifically supply nitrogen compounds to the soil.

Urea is an organic compound and is often considered the most important nitrogen fertilizer globally due to its high nitrogen content and ease of synthesis. Other common nitrogen fertilizers include ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) and ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄).

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