Consider the following statements about Kavach, the automatic train pr

Consider the following statements about Kavach, the automatic train protection system :

  • 1. It is designed and developed by Research Design and Standard Organisation (RDSO) in collabo-ration with Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI), Japan
  • 2. The trials of Kavach were facili-tated by the Southern Railway
  • 3. Kavach is a state-of-the-art electronic system with Safety Integrity Level-4 (SIL-4)

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 only
3 only
1 and 2 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2023
Statement 3, which states that Kavach is a state-of-the-art electronic system with Safety Integrity Level-4 (SIL-4), is correct. SIL-4 is the highest level of safety certification.
Kavach is an indigenous Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system developed by the Research Design and Standard Organisation (RDSO) under the Ministry of Railways, India. It was not developed in collaboration with RTRI, Japan.
Statement 1 is incorrect because Kavach is an indigenous development by RDSO and does not involve collaboration with RTRI, Japan. Statement 2 is incorrect because the trials of Kavach were primarily facilitated by the South Central Railway (SCR), not the Southern Railway. Thus, only statement 3 is correct.